Orthogonal vector computations

Quantum computation is the suitable orthogonal encoding of possibly holistic functional properties into state vectors, followed by a projective measurement.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, some revisions and addition

Extending Kolmogorov's axioms for a generalized probability theory on collections of contexts

Kolmogorov's axioms of probability theory are extended to conditional probabilities among distinct (and sometimes intertwining) contexts. Formally, this amounts to row stochastic matrices whose entries characterize the conditional probability to find some observable (postselection) in one context, given an observable (preselection) in another context. As the respective probabilities need not (but, depending on the physical/model realization, can) be of the Born rule type, this generalizes approaches to quantum probabilities by Auff\'eves and Grangier, which in turn are inspired by Gleason's theorem.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, greatly revise

Noncontextuality in multipartite entanglement

We discuss several multiport interferometric preparation and measurement configurations and show that they are noncontextual. Generalizations to the n particle case are discussed.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figure